Saurabh@educational

  Fibre to Fabric  Q.18. What are the two steps involved in the process of making fabrics from fibres? Ans. Fabrics are made from fibres in the following two steps: i)     Fibres are first converted to yarn by the process of spinning . ii)    Fabric is made from yarn by the process of Weaving or Knitting . Q.19. What is spinning and how is it done? Ans. The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning . In this process, fibres from a mass of any fibre are drawn out and twisted. This brings the fibres together to form a yarn. Q.20. Name three devices for making yarn from fibres. Ans. Yarn can be made from fibres by using three devices: i)    Hand spindle (Takli) ii)   Spinning wheel (charkha) iii)   Spinning machines Q.21. Which spinning device was popularized by Mahatma Gandhi as a part of Independence movement? Ans. Use of Spinning wheel (charkha) was popularised by Mahatma Gandhi as part of the Independence movement. He encouraged people to wear

  Fibre to Fabric  Q.6. Which of the two are stronger: natural fibres or synthetic fibres? Ans.  Synthetic fibres are more stronger than natural fibres. Q.7. What type of soil and climate are good for growing cotton? Ans. Cotton fibre comes from the cotton plants which are grown in the fields by the farmers. Cotton crop is usually grown at places having black soil and warm climate . Q.8. Which part of cotton plant provides cotton and how? Ans. Fruit of cotton plant provides cotton. The fruits of cotton plants (called cotton bolls) are of the size of lemons. After maturing, the cotton bolls burst open to produce cotton seeds covered with white, soft cotton fibres. It looks like a field covered with snow. Q.9. What is ginning? How is it done? Ans. From the cotton bolls, cotton is usually picked by hand. The cotton fibres picked from the fields have cotton seeds in them. Fibres are then separated from the seeds by combing. This process is called ginning of cotton. Ginning wa

 Fibre to Fabric  Q.1.  Why do we wear clothes? Ans. The primary purpose of clothes is to cover our body and protect it from extreme cold, heat, rain and snow. Clothes also protect us From Insect bites. Q.2. What are the factors that we often keep in mind while dressing ourselves? Ans. Our choice of clothes depends on:          traditions, culture and religion           weather and climate         occasion          trend Q.3. What are Fibres? Ans. A very thin, thread-like strand from which yarn (spun thread) and hence, fabric (or cloth) is made is called fibre . Fibre à Yarn à Fabric Q.4. What are the types of fibres? Ans.   Q.5. How does the burning test of fibres help us to identify the true fibre? Ans. On burning, different fibres give different smell, effect and ash product. So, on analyzing the result we can identify the true fibre.  

  Components of food (Part-3) Q.22. What do we mean by Balanced  diet ? Ans.  The food we normally eat in a day is our diet. For growth and maintenance of good health, our diet should have all the nutrients that our body needs, in right quantities. Such a diet is called a  balanced diet . The diet should also contain a good amount of roughage and water. Q.23. What basic factors are kept in mind while  deciding  Balanced diet for someone? Ans. A balanced diet depends on the  age  of the person and also on the  occupation  of the person (type of work done by the person). Q.23. A man doing hard physical work like a labourer or carpenter needs more carbohydrates in his diet than another man doing normal work. Why? Ans. This is  because  he needs more energy for doing hard physical work, and this extra energy is supplied by including more of  carbohydrates -rich foods in his diet. Q.24. Write some pre-cooking  practices  which lead to the loss of nutrients in food materials.

  NUTRITION IN ANIMALS Q.1. What is Nutrition? Ans.  Nutrition is the mode of taking food by an organism and its utilization  by the body   Q.2. Write a short note on following: Ans. a)  Scraping:   to remove something from a surface by moving a sharp edge across it firmly. b) Chewing: to crush food into smaller, softer pieces with the teeth so that it can be swallowed. c)  Siphoning:   to remove a liquid from a container, often into another container, through a tube. d) Capturing:  to take control of something e) Swallowing:  the act of passing food from the mouth, by way of the pharynx (or throat) and esophagus, to the stomach. f) Sponging:  secreting saliva over the food and dissolved food is drawn up into the mouth in solution form. g) Sucking: Piercing the food item and then sucking the internal fluid of the food. Q.3. Explore what do the following animals eat and what mode of feeding they use. Fill the table with your findings. Ans.

  Components of food (Part-2) Q.10. What are Proteins? Ans.  These are body building foods which help in growth and repair of body.   They supply the body with materials to make new cells and repair the damaged body cells.  Children need more proteins than adults because of rapid growth of their body. Q.11. Draw some plant sources of Proteins. Ans.  Q.12. Draw some animal sources of Proteins. Ans. Q.13.  How will you test the presence of Proteins in any food item? Ans.  Take a small quantity of a food item for testing. If the food you want to test is a solid, you first need to make a paste of it or powder it. Grind or mash a small quantity of the food item. Put some of this in a clean test tube, add 10 drops of water to it and shake the test tube. Now, using a dropper, add two drops of solution of copper sulphate and ten drops of solution of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) to the test tube. Shake well and let the test tube stand for a few minutes. A violet colour indicates pr