Saurabh@educational

Components of food (Part-1) Q.1. What are Nutrients? Ans.  Nutrients are the compounds in foods ( components of food)  which are essential to life and health, providing us with energy, the building blocks for repair and growth and substances necessary to regulate chemical processes. Our food carries five major nutrients: Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals. In addition to these nutrients, there are two other important components of food: water and roughage. Our body needs all these components to maintain good health.  Q.2. What are carbohydrates? Ans. Carbohydrates are the energy giving foods as they are main sources of energy for our body. The main carbohydrate that we eat in our food is starch and it comes from cereals like wheat and rice.  There are two types of carbohydrates: simple and complex carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates are digested quickly and provide instant energy like table sugar while complex carbohydrates take longer time to digest like wheat.

  Food: Where does it come from? (Part - 2)   Q.29. Name two ingredients in our food that are not obtained from plants or animals. Mention one source for each ingredient. Ans. i) Salt: It is obtained from sea water or rocks.         ii) Water: It is obtained from fresh water resource like rivers. Q.30. Why should we avoid wastage of food? Ans. Food is something which is a need of every organism for its survival. So, it is very important to value it/respect it and avoid wastage. On the other hand, enough food is not available for all. Also, there are many poor people around who can not afford meal for even one time in a day. So, as a good and educated citizen of the society, we should not waste the food and encourage others to avoid wasting food too.  Q.31. Why do boiled seeds fail to sprout? Ans.  The boiled seeds failed to sprout because boiling kills the seed and damages certain chemicals or proteins that are required for germination. Q.32. Corelate these food items with the region w

Food: Where does it come from? (Part - 2)   Q.14.  What does edible mean? Ans. •       Edible comes from a latin word (edere) which means to eat. So something fit to be eaten is called edible. •       Do not try to test unknown plants around you to see if they are edible. Some plants are poisonous (not fit for eating). Q.15.  Name some plant roots which are eaten as food? Ans. Some plants store food in their roots (which are actually modified roots). For example, carrot, radish, beetroot, sweet potato, turnip. Q.16.   Name some plant stems which are eaten as food? Ans.   Some plants store food in their stems (which are actually modified, underground stems). For example, onion, potato, ginger, garlic, turmeric. Q.17.   Name some plant leaves which are eaten as food? Ans.   Some plants store food in their leaves. For example, spinach, cabbage, lettuce, leaves of mustard plant. Q.18.   Name some plant flowers which are eaten as food? Ans.   The flowers of some of the

  NUTRITION IN PLANTS Q.8. Fill in the blanks:  (a) Green plants are called _________________ since they synthesise their own food.  (b) The food synthesised by plants is stored as _________________.  (c) In photosynthesis, solar energy is absorbed by the pigment called ___________.  (d) During photosynthesis, plants take in ______________________ and release __________________ gas. Ans. (a) autotrophs            (b) starch           (c) chlorophyll           (d) carbon dioxide, oxygen Q.9. What are the raw materials required for the process of photosynthesis and write role of each. Ans. i) Sunlight: It acts as a source of energy for the process of photosynthesis. Since all the food on this Earth is made by utilizing solar energy, therefore sun is the ultimate source of energy for all the living organism.           ii) Chlorophyll : Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun and converts it in chemical energy for breaking of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Chlorophyll is present in

  FORCE Q.1. Define the term force. What are its characteristics? Ans.  In science, a push or a pull on an object is called a force. The fo rce always has a measure of its  strength or magnitude  and  direction  in which it is applied. So,  Force is a vector quantity.   The  S.I. unit of Force is N (Newton). For example:  40N towards EAST. Here, 40N is called magnitude and East is the direction of force applied.  Q.2. Write Push or Pull for following actions: Ans.  Q.3. In the following situations identify the agent exerting the force and the object on which it acts. i) Taking out paste from a toothpaste tube. }   We use our muscular force to take out paste from a toothpaste tube. The muscular force is exerted on the toothpaste tube ( the object)  by our fingers  (agent)   . ii) A load suspended from a spring while its other end is on a hook fixed to a wall. }   The suspended load   (agent)   exerts a force on the spring and pushes the spring   ( the object)  downwards. iii) An athl

NUTRITION IN PLANTS Q.1. What is Nutrition? Ans. The process of taking food by an organism as well as the utilization of this food by the organism is called Nutrition.  Q.2. What are Nutrients? Ans. Nutrients are the components of food which are necessary for organism's body. These components are basically carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. Q.3. What are modes of Nutrition? Ans. The methods of obtaining food are called modes of Nutrition. On the basis of their modes of Nutrition, all the organisms can be divided into two main groups: Autotroph following Autotrophic (auto = self; trophos = nourishment) mode of Nutrition  Heterotroph following Heterotrophic  (heteros = other; trophos = nourishment)  mode of Nutrition Q.4. Differentiate between Autotrophic and Heterotrophic modes of Nutrition. Ans.4.  Q.5. What is Photosynthesis? Ans.  The process by which green plants make their own food (like glucose) from carbon dioxide and water by using sunlight energy (in th

  Food: Where does it come from? (Part - 1) Q.l. What is food? Ans.  Food is a substance eaten by us to do work, grow, maintain our body and remain healthy.  Q.2. Explain the importance of food for living organisms.  Ans.   Importance of food is: (i)  It provides energy to do various activities. (ii) It helps in growth. (iii) It helps to repair and replace damaged parts of the body. (iv) It protects us from infections and diseases. Q.3. What do you call the habit of an individual to eat a particular type of food items commonly? Ans.  Food habit. Q.4. Compare your food habits with food habits of your friend who lives in Tamil Nadu. Ans.  My food habit: Chapatti, pulses, lassi, rice, vegetables, mustard oil. Food habit of my friend: Idli, dosa, sambhar, bara, rasam, upma and coconut oil, etc. Q.5. Suggest any three ways you can think of to avoid wastage of food. Ans.  (i) Avoid leaving food uneaten in meals. (ii) “Eat to live” and not “live to eat” — excess eating shou